Financial the ecological transition, at what cost?

The transition to a “net zero” economy in 2050 will disrupt our lifestyles and our production system and will require considerable investment. In France, the need for additional net investments is estimated at 70 billion euros, or 2.5 points of GDP by 2030; at the global level, IRENA estimates the investment needed in low-carbon energy production at 1,000 billion dollars per year. What is the consensus on the nature and amount of the necessary investments? What public/private sharing? Will the new regulatory framework for green finance be enough to redirect savings flows? Can we create greener savings products? Beyond finance, do we need a price signal through a carbon tax? What are the consequences for financial actors of the new US climate strategy, embodied in the Inflation Protection Act?